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Treaty of Belgrade

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Belgrade peace
Treaty of Belgrade
Signed18 September 1739
LocationBelgrade, Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia (now Serbia)
Parties Habsburg Monarchy
 Ottoman Empire

The Treaty of Belgrade, also known as the Belgrade Peace,[a] was the peace treaty signed on September 18, 1739 in Belgrade, Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia (today Serbia), by the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg monarchy on the other, that ended the Austro–Turkish War (1737–1739).[1]

Treaty

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Political situation before the war 1737-1739
Political situation in 1739, after Treaty of Belgrade

This treaty ended the hostilities of the five-year Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–39), in which the Habsburgs joined Imperial Russia in its fight against the Ottomans. Austria was defeated by the Turks at Grocka in August 1739 and concluded a preliminary treaty with the Ottoman Empire on 1 September, signed by count Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg and the Grand vizier. That was followed by the conclusion of the final peace treaty on 18 September, that was also signed in the Grand vizier's camp at Belgrade. With the Treaty of Belgrade, the Habsburgs ceded the Kingdom of Serbia with Belgrade, the southern part of the Banat of Temeswar and northern Bosnia to the Ottomans, and the Banat of Craiova (Oltenia), gained by the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, to Wallachia (an Ottoman subject), and set the demarcation line to the rivers Sava and Danube.[2][3][4]

The Austro-Turkish Treaty of Belgrade effectively ended the autonomy of Kingdom of Serbia which had existed since 1718. This territory would await the next Habsburg-Ottoman war to be temporarily again included into the Habsburg monarchy in 1788 with the help of Koča Anđelković.[5]

The treaty is also notable for being one of the last international treaties to be written in Latin.[6]

Aftermath

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The Habsburg decision to withdraw from the war after the Battle of Grocka in August 1739 forced Russia to also accept peace talks, trough French mediation, that resulted in a separate preliminary peace treaty that was signed on the same day (18 September) in Belgrade, and was later finalized by the Treaty of Niš (3 October), ending the Russo–Turkish War (1735–1739), and allowing Russia to build a port at Azov, thus gaining a foothold on the Black Sea.[7][8]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^
    (German: Frieden von Belgrad, Turkish: Belgrad antlaşması, Serbian: Београдски мир/Beogradski mir)

References

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  1. ^ Roider 1972b, p. 195–207.
  2. ^ Ćirković 2004, p. 154, 176.
  3. ^ Hochedlinger 2013, p. 215-216.
  4. ^ Kurtaran 2018, p. 169-192.
  5. ^ Dennis P. Hupchick, The Balkans:From Constantinople to Communism, (Palgrave Macmillan, 2002), 213.
  6. ^ Laugier, Marc-Antoine (1770). The History of the Negociations for the Peace Concluded at Belgrade September 18, 1739. W. and J. Richardson. p. 528.
  7. ^ Roider 1972b, p. 206.
  8. ^ Treaty of Nis (1739), Alexander Mikaberidze, Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, ed. Alexander Mikaberidze, (ABC-CLIO, 2011), 647.

Sources

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