User:Femto/ElementsData.txt
/* =========================== Actinium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=89 | sym=Ac | name=actinium
| left=[[radium]] | right=[[thorium]] | above=[[lanthanum|La]] | below=[[unbiunium|Ubu]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=3 | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 10070 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(227)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|195]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 6d<sup>1</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (neutral) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1323 | c=1050 | f=1922 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3473 | c=3200 | f=5792 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 22.55 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 62 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 12 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 499 | 1170 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 225 Ac {syn} [[1 E_ s|10 days]] α 5.935 {SUP}221</sup>[[francium|Fr]]
{isodecay} 226 Ac {syn} [[1 E_ s|29.37 hours]] β<sup>-</sup> 1.117 <sup>226</sup>[[thorium|Th]]
{isodecay} 226 Ac {syn} [[1 E_ s|29.37 hours]] e capture 0.640 <sup>226</sup>[[radium|Ra]]
{isodecay} 226 Ac {syn} [[1 E_ s|29.37 hours]] α 5.536 <sup>222</sup>[[francium|Fr]]
{isodecay} 227 Ac 100 % [[1 E_ s|21.773 years]] β<sup>-</sup> 0.045 <sup>227</sup>[[thorium|Th]]
{isodecay} 227 Ac 100 % [[1 E_ s|21.773 years]] α 5.042 <sup>223</sup>[[francium|Fr]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Aluminium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=13 | sym=Al | name=aluminium
| left=[[magnesium]] | right=[[silicon]] | above=[[boron|B]] | below=[[gallium|Ga]]
| color1={#cccccc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_poormetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=13 | period=3 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 2700 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.75 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Al,13 | silvery }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|26.981538 ]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|125]] | [[1 E-10 m|118]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|118]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=933.47 | c=660 | f=1221 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2792 | c=2519 | f=4566 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 10.00 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 293.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 10.79 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=2.42×10<sup>-6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=5100 | atk=933 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.61 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 900 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 37.7×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 237 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots10_kjpmol | 577.5 | 1816.7 | 2744.8 | 11577 | 14842 | 18379 | 23326 | 27465 | 31853 | 38473 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 26 Al {syn} [[1 E12 s|717 E3 y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 4.004 {SUP}26 [[magnesium|Mg]]
{isostable} 27 Al '''100%''' {stabw} 14
{footer}
/* =========================== Americium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=95 | sym=Am | name=americium
| left=[[plutonium]] | right=[[curium]] | above=[[europium|Eu]] | below=[[unquadpentium|Uqp]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 13700 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(243)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>7</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 6, 5, 4, '''3''' ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1449 | c=1176 | f=2149 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2880 | c=2607 | f=4724 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 17.63 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 14.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 2.2×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 10 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots1_kjpmol | 578 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 241 Am {syn} [[1 E10 s|432.2 y]] [[spontaneous fission|SF]]<br />[[alpha decay|α]] <br />5.638 <br /><sup>237</sup>[[Neptunium|Np]]
{isodecay} 242m Am {syn} 141 [[year|y]] [[Isomeric transition|IT]]<br />α<br />SF 0.049<br />5.637<br /> <br /><sup>238</sup>Np<br />
{isodecay} 243 Am {syn} [[1 E11 s|7370 y]] SF<br />α <br />5.438 <br /><sup>239</sup>Np
{footer}
/* =========================== Antimony ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=51 | sym=Sb | name=antimony
| left=[[tin]] | right=[[tellurium]] | above=[[arsenic|As]] | below=[[bismuth|Bi]]
| color1={#cccc99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_metalloids}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=15 | period=5 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 6697 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Sb,51 | silvery lustrous grey }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|121.760]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] | [[1 E-10 m|133]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|138]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>3</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±1 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | rhombohedral }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=903.78 | c=631 | f=1167 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1860 | c=1587 | f=2888 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 18.19 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 77.14 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 19.87 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=2.49×10<sup>-9</sup> | atk=6304 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.05 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 210 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 2.88×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 24.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots6_kjpmol | 834 | 1594.9 | 2440 | 4260 | 5400 | 10400 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 121 Sb '''57.36%''' {stabw} 70
{isostable} 123 Sb 42.64% {stabw} 72
{isodecay} 125 Sb {syn} 2.7582 [[year|y]] [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.767 [[tellurium|<sup>125</sup>Te]]
{footer}
/* ============================= Argon ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=18 | sym=Ar | name=argon
| left=[[chlorine]] | right=- | above=[[neon|Ne]] | below=[[krypton|Kr]]
| color1={#c0ffff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_noblegases}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=18 | period=3 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 1.784 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ar,18 | colorless }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|39.948]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-11 m|71]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|97]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|188]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 0 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=83.8 | c=-189 | f=-309 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=87.3 | c=-186 | f=-303 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 22.56 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 6.447 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 1.188 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=319 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 520 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.01772 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots8_kjpmol | 1520.6 | 2665.8 | 3931 | 5771 | 7238 | 8781 | 11995 | 13842 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{isostable} 36 Ar 0.336% {stabw} 18
{isostable} 38 Ar 0.063% {stabw} 20
{isodecay} 39 Ar {syn} [[1 E9 s|269 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.565 <sup>39</sup>[[potassium|K]]
{isostable} 40 Ar '''99.6%''' {stabw} 22
{isodecay} 42 Ar {syn} 32.9 [[year|y]] β<sup>-</sup> 0.600 <sup>42</sup>[[potassium|K]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Arsenic ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=33 | sym=Ar | name=arsenic
| left=[[germanium]] | right=[[selenium]] | above=[[phosphorus|P]] | below=[[antimony|Sb]]
| color1={#cccc99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_metalloids}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=15 | period=4 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 5727 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 3.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | As,33 | metallic grey }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|74.92160]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|115]] | [[1 E-10 m|114]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|119]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> 4p<sup>3</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±'''3''', 5 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | rhombohedral }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1090 | c=817 | f=1502 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=887 | c=614 | f=1137 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 12.95 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 34.76 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 369.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.18 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 330 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 3.45×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 50 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots6_kjpmol | 947.0 | 1798 | 2735 | 4837 | 6043 | 12310 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 75 As '''100%''' {stabw} 42
{footer}
/* =========================== Astatine ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=85 | sym=At | name=astatine
| left=[[polonium]] | right=[[radon]] | above=[[iodine|I]] | below=[[ununseptium|Uus]]
| color1={#ffff99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_halogens}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=17 | period=6 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(210)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|127]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> 6p<sup>5</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±1, 3, 5, 7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | no data }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=575 | c=302 | f=575 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=610 | c=337 | f=638 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 114 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 1.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots1_kjpmol | 920??? }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 210 At '''100%''' 8.1 [[hour|h]] [[electron capture|Epsilon]]<br />[[alpha decay|Alpha]] 3.981<br />5.631 [[polonium|<sup>210</sup>Po]]<br />[[bismuth|<sup>206</sup>Bi]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Barium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=56 | sym=Ba | name=barium
| left=[[caesium]] | right=[[lanthanum]] | above=[[strontium|Sr]] | below=[[radium|Ra]]
| color1={#ffdead} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalineearthmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=2 | period=6 | block=??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 3510 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.25 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ba,56 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|137.327]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|215]] | [[1 E-10 m|253]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|198]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1000 | c=727 | f=1340 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2143 | c=1870 | f=3398 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 38.16 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 142 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 7.75 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=98 | atk=371 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 0.89 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 204 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 3×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 18.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 502.9 | 965.2 | 3600 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{isostable} 130 Ba 0.106% {stabw} 74
{isostable} 132 Ba 0.101% {stabw} 76
{isodecay} 133 Ba {syn} 10.51 [[year|y]] [[electron capture|epsilon]] 0.517 [[Caesium|<sup>133</sup>Cs]]
{isostable} 134 Ba 2.417% {stabw} 78
{isostable} 135 Ba 6.592% {stabw} 79
{isostable} 136 Ba 7.854% {stabw} 80
{isostable} 137 Ba 11.23% {stabw} 81
{isostable} 138 Ba '''71.7%''' {stabw} 82
{footer}
/* =========================== Berkelium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=97 | sym=Bk | name=berkelium
| left=[[curium]] | right=[[californium]] | above=[[terbium|Tb]] | below=[[unquadseptium|Uqs]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | unknown; probably metallic, silvery white or gray }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(247)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>9</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 245 Bk {syn} [[1 E5 s|4.94 d]] [[electron capture|ε]]<br />[[alpha emission|ε]] 0.810<br />6.455 {SUP}245 [[Curium|Cm]]<br /><sup>241</sup>[[Americium|Am]]
{isodecay} 246 Bk {syn} 1.8 [[day|d]] α<br />ε 6.070<br />1.350 {SUP}242 Am<br /><sup>246</sup>Cm
{isodecay} 247 Bk {syn} [[1 E10 s|1380 y]] α 5.889 <sup>243</sup>Am
{isodecay} 248 Bk {syn} [[1 E8 s|>9 y]] α 5.803 <sup>244</sup>Am
{isodecay} 249 Bk {syn} [[1 E7 s|320 d]] α<br />[[spontaneous fission|SF]]<br />[[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 5.526<br /> <br />0.125 <sup>245</sup>Am<br /> <br /><sup>249</sup>[[Californium|Cf]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Beryllium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=4 | sym=Be | name=beryllium
| left=[[lithium]] | right=[[boron]] | above=??? | below=[[magnesium|Mg]]
| color1={#ffdead} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalineearthmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=2 | period=2 | block=s }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 1848 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 5.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Be,4 | white-gray metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|9.01218]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|112]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|90]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1551.15 | c=1278 | f=2332 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3243.15 | c=2970 | f=5378 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 4.85 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 292.40 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 12.20 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=4180 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.57 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 1825 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 31.3×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 201 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 899.5 | 1757.1 | 14848.7 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 7 Be {syn} 53.12 days [[electron capture|epsilon]] 0.862 [[Lithium|<sup>7</sup>Li]]
{isostable} 9 Be '''100%''' {stabw} 5
{isodecay} 10 Be [[trace radioisotope|trace]] 1.51×10<font size="-1"><sup>6</sup></font>[[year|y]] [[beta emission|beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.556 [[Boron|<font size="-1"><sup>10</sup></font>B]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Bismuth ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=83 | sym=Bi | name=bismuth
| left=[[lead]] | right=[[polonium]] | above=[[antimony|Sb]] | below=[[ununpentium|Uup]]
| color1={#cccccc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_poormetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=15 | period=6 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 9780 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.25 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Bi,83 | lustrous reddish white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|208.98038]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|160]] | [[1 E-10 m|143]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|146]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> 6p<sup>3</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''3''', 5 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | rhombohedral }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=544.4 | c=271 | f=520 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1837 | c=1564 | f=2847 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 21.31 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 104.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 11.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.000627 | atk=544 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1790 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.02 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 122 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 0.867×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 07.87 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots6_kjpmol | 703 | 1610 | 2466 | 4370 | 5400 | 8520 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 207 Bi {syn} 31.55 [[year|y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 2.399 [[lead|<sup>207</sup>Pb]]
{isodecay} 208 Bi {syn} 3,368,000 y ε 2.880 <sup>208</sup>Pb
{isodecay} 209 Bi '''100%''' (1.9±0.2) ×10<sup>19</sup>y [[Alpha emission|α]] [[thallium|<sup>205</sup> Tl]]
{footer}
/* ============================= Boron ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=5 | sym=B | name=boron
| left=[[beryllium]] | right=[[carbon]] | above=??? | below=[[aluminium|Al]]
| color1={#cccc99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_metalloids}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=13 | period=2 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 2460 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 9.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | B,5 | black }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|10.811]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-11 m|85]] | [[1 E-11 m|87]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|82]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | rhombohedral }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2349 | c=2076 | f=3769 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4200 | c=3927 | f=7100 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 4.39 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 489.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 50.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.348 | atk=2573 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=16200 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.04 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 1026 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.0×10<sup>-4</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 27.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots5_kjpmol | 800.6 | 2427.1 | 3659.7 | 25025.8 | 32826.7 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 10 B 19.9% {stabw} 5
{isostable} 11 B '''80.1%''' {stabw} 6
{footer}
/* ============================ Bromine ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=35 | sym=Br | name=bromine
| left=[[selenium]] | right=[[krypton]] | above=[[chlorine|Cl]] | below=[[iodine|I]]
| color1={#ffff99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_halogens}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=17 | period=4 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 300 [[Kelvin|K]]) 3119 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Br,35 | gas: red-brown; solid: metallic luster }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|79.904]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|115]] | [[1 E-11 m|94]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|114]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> 4p<sup>5</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±1, 5 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] at [[standard temperature and pressure|STP]], liquid at [[room temperature]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=265.8 | c=-7 | f=19 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=332 | c=59 | f=138 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 19.78 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 15.438 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 5.286 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=5800 | atk=280.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=206 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.96 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 480 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.122 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots8_kjpmol | 1139.9 | 2103 | 3470 | 4560 | 5760 | 8550 | 9940 | 18600 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 79 Br '''50.69%''' {stabw} 44
{isostable} 81 Br 49.31% {stabw} 46
{footer}
/* ============================ Cadmium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=48 | sym=Cd | name=cadmium
| left=[[silver]] | right=[[indium]] | above=[[zinc|Zn]] | below=[[Mercury (element)|Hg]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=12 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 8650 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Cd,48 | silvery gray metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|112.411]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|155]] | [[1 E-10 m|161]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|148]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|158]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=594.22 | c=321 | f=610 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1040 | c=767 | f=1412 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 13.00 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 100 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 6.192 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=14.8 | atk=597 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2310 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.69 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 233 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 13.8×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 96.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 867.8 | 1631.4 | 3616 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 108 Cd 0.89% {stabw} 60
{isodecay} 109 Cd {syn} [[1 E7 s | 462.6 d]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.214 {SUP}109 [[silver|Ag]]
{isostable} 110 Cd 12.49% {stabw} 62
{isostable} 111 Cd 12.8% {stabw} 63
{isostable} 112 Cd 24.13% {stabw} 64
{isodecay} 113 Cd {syn} [[1 E19 s | 7.7 E15 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.316 {SUP}113 [[indium|In]]
{isodecay} 113 Cd[[meta state|m]] {syn} [[1 E8 s | 14.1 y]] β<sub>-</sub><br>[[isomeric transition|IT]] 0.580<br>0.264 {SUP}113 In<br>
{isostable} 114 Cd '''28.73%''' {stabw} 66
{isostable} 116 Cd 7.49% {stabw} 68
{footer}
/* ============================ Caesium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=55 | sym=Cs | name=caesium
| left=- | right=[[barium]] | above=[[rubidium|Rb]] | below=[[francium|Fr]]
| color1={#ff6666} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalimetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=1 | period=6 | block=??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 1879 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 0.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Cs,55 | silvery gold }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|132.90545]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|260]] | [[1 E-10 m|298]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|225]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 1 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=301.59 | c=28 | f=83 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=944 | c=671 | f=1240 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 70.94 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 67.74 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 2.092 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=2500 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 0.79 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 240 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 4.89×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 35.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 375.7 | 2234.3 | 3400 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 133 Cs '''100%''' {stabw} 78
{isodecay} 134 Cs {syn} 2.0648 [[year|y]] [[electron capture|epsilon]]<br>[[beta emission|beta<sup>-</sup>]] 1.229<br>2.059 [[xenon|<sup>134</sup>Xe]]<br>[[barium|<sup>134</sup>Ba]]
{isodecay} 135 Cs [[trace radioisotope|trace]] 23 ×10<sup>6</sup> y [[beta emission|beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.269 [[barium|<sup>135</sup>Ba]]
{isodecay} 137 Cs {syn} 30.07 y [[beta emission|beta<sup>-</sup>]] 1.176 [[barium|<sup>137</sup>Ba]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Carbon ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=6 | sym=C | name=carbon
| left=[[boron]] | right=[[nitrogen]] | above=??? | below=[[silicon|Si]]
| color1={#a0ffa0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_nonmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=14 | period=2 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 2267 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 0.5 (graphite)<br />10.0 (diamond) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | C,6 | black (graphite); colourless (diamond) }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|12.0107]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-11 m|70]] | [[1 E-11 m|67]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|77]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|170]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''4''', 2 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=3773 | c=3500 | f=6332 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=5100 | c=4827 | f=8720 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 5.29 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 355.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.55 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 710 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 0.061×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 129 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots6_kjpmol | 1086.5 | 2352.6 | 4620.5 | 6222.7 | 37831 | 47277.0 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
[Carbon-12|<sup>12</sup>C]] '''98.9%''' colspan="4" | C {stabw} 6
[Carbon-13|<sup>13</sup>C]] 1.1% colspan="4" | C {stabw} 7
-| [[Carbon-14|<sup>14</sup>C]]
[[trace radioisotope|trace]]
5730 [[year|y]]
[[beta emission|beta<sup>-</sup>]]
0.156
[[Nitrogen|<sup>14</sup>N]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Cerium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=58 | sym=Ce | name=cerium
| left=[[lanthanum]] | right=[[praseodymium]] | above=??? | below=[[thorium|Th]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 6689 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ce,58 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|140.116]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>1</sup> 5d<sup>1</sup> 6s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''3''', 4 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1071 | c=798 | f=1468 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3699 | c=3426 | f=6199 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 20.69 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 414 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 5.46 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2100 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.12 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 190 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.15×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 11.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 534.4 | 1050 | 1949 | 3547 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 134 Ce {syn} [[1 E_ s|3.16 days]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.500 {SUP}134 [[lanthanum|La]]
{isostable} 136 Ce 0.19% {stabw} 78
{isostable} 138 Ce 0.25% {stabw} 80
{isodecay} 139 Ce {syn} [[1 E_ s|137.640 days]] ε 0.278 {SUP}139 [[lanthanum|La]]
{isostable} 140 Ce 88.48% {stabw} 82
{isodecay} 141 Ce {syn} [[1 E_ s|32.501 days]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.581 {SUP}141 [[Praseodymium|Pr]]
{isodecay} 142 Ce 11.08% [[1 E_ s|> 5 E16 years]] β<sup>-</sup> unknown {SUP}142 [[neodymium|Nd]]
{isodecay} 144 Ce {syn} [[1 E_ s|284.893 days]] β<sup>-</sup> 0.319 {SUP}144 [[praseodymium|Pr]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Chlorine ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=17 | sym=Cl | name=chlorine
| left=[[sulfur]] | right=[[argon]] | above=[[fluorine|F]] | below=[[bromine|Br]]
| color1={#ffff99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_halogens}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=17 | period=3 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 3.214 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Cl,17 | yellowish green }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|35.5]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|100]] | [[1 E-11 m|79]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|99]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>5</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±'''1''', 3, 5, 7 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=171.6 | c=-102 | f=-151 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=239.11 | c=-34 | f=-29 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 17.39 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 10.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 3.203 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1300 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 3.16 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 480 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.0089 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots10_kjpmol | 1251.2 | 2298 | 3822 | 5158.6 | 6542 | 9362 | 11018 | 33604 | 38600 | 43961 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 35 Cl '''75.77'''% {stabw} 18
{isodecay} 36 Cl {syn} [[1 E12 s|301,000 y]] [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]]<br>[[electron capture|epsilon]] 0.709 <br>1.142 {SUP}36 [[argon|Ar]]<br><sup>36</sup>[[sulfur|S]]
{isostable} 37 Cl 24.23% {stabw} 20
{footer}
/* ============================ Copper ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=29 | sym=Cu | name=copper
| left=[[nickel]] | right=[[zinc]] | above=??? | below=[[silver|Ag]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=11 | period=4 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 8920 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 3.0 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Cu,29 | copper, metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|63.546]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|145]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|138]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|140]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''2''', 1 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1357.6 | c=1084 | f=1984 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2840 | c=2567 | f=4652 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 7.11 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 300.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 13.05 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.0505 | atk=1358 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3570 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 380 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 59.6×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 401 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 745.5 | 1957.9 | 3555 | 5536 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 63 Cu 69.17% {stabw} 34
{isodecay} 64 Cu {syn} 12.7 h [[electron capture|ε]] 1.675 [[Nickel|<sup>64</sup>Ni]]
{isodecay} 64 Cu {syn} 12.7 h [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.579 [[Zinc|<sup>64</sup>Zn]]
{isostable} 65 Cu 30.83% {stabw} 36
{footer}
/* ============================ Curium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=96 | sym=Cm | name=curium
| left=[[americium]] | right=[[berkelium]] | above=[[gadolinium|Gd]] | below=[[unquadhexium|Uqh]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=3 | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 13510 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(247)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>7</sup> 6d<sup>1</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1613 | c=1340 | f=2444 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3383 | c=3110 | f=5630 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal close-packed }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 18.05 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 15 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots1_kjpmol | 581 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 243 Cn {syn} [[1 E8 s|29.1 y]] [[alpha emission|α]]<br />[[electron capture|ε]]<br />[[spontaneous fission|SF]] 6.169<br />0.009<br /> {SUP}239 [[Plutonium|Pu]]<br /><sup>243</sup>[[Americium|Am]]<br />
{isodecay} 244 Cm {syn} 18.1 [[year|y]] SF<br />α <br />5.902 <br /><sup>240</sup>Pu
{isodecay} 245 Cm {syn} [[1 E11 s|8500 y]] SF<br />α <br />5.623 <br /><sup>241</sup>Pu
{isodecay} 246 Pu {syn} 4730 y α<br />SF 5.475<br /> {SUP}242 Pu
{isodecay} 247 Cm {syn} [[1 E14 s|15.6 E6 y]] α 5.353 {SUP}243 Pu
{isodecay} 248 Cm {syn} [[1 E13 s|340 E3 y]] α<br />SF 5.162<br /> {SUP}244 Pu<br />
{isodecay} 250 Cm {syn} 9000 y SF<br />α<br />[[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] <br />5.169<br />0.037 <br /><sup>246</sup>Pu<br /><sup>250</sup>[[Berkelium|Bk]]
{footer}
/* ========================== Einsteinium ========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=99 | sym=Es | name=einsteinium
| left=[[californium]] | right=[[fermium]] | above=[[holmium|Ho]] | below=[[unquadennium|Uqe]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | unknown; probably metallic, silvery white or gray }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(252)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | probably [[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>11</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 29, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 252 Es {syn} [[1 E7 s|471.7 d]] [[alpha emission|α]]<br />[[electron capture|ε]]<br />[[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 6.760<br />1.260<br />0.480 {SUP}248 [[Berkelium|Bk]]<br /><sup>252</sup>[[Californium|Cf]]<br /><sup>252</sup>[[fermium|Fm]]
{isodecay} 253 Es {syn} [[1 E6 s|20.47 d]] [[spontaneous fission|SF]]<br />α n/a<br />6.739 n/a<br /><sup>249</sup>Bk
{isodecay} 254 Es {syn} 275.7 [[day|d]] ε<br />β<sup>-</sup><br />α 0.654<br />1.090<br />6.628 {SUP}254 Cf<br /><sup>254</sup>Fm<br /><sup>250</sup>Bk
{isodecay} 255 Es {syn} 39.8 d β<sup>-</sup><br />α<br />SF 0.288<br />6.436<br />n/a {SUP}255 Fm<br /><sup>251</sup>Bk<br />n/a
{footer}
/* ============================ Erbium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=68 | sym=Er | name=erbium
| left=[[holmium]] | right=[[thulium]] | above=??? | below=[[fermium|Fm]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 9066 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Er,68 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|167.259]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] | [[1 E-10 m|226]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 4f<sup>12</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1795 | c=1522 | f=2771 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3136 | c=2863 | f=5185 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 261 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 17.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2830 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.24 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 170 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.17×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 14.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 589.3 | 1150 | 2194 | 4120 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 160 Er [[Radioactive isotope|{syn}]] [[1 E5 s|28.58 h]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.330 {SUP}160 [[Holmium|Ho]]
{isostable} 162 Er 0.14% {stabw} 94
{isostable} 164 Er 1.61% {stabw} 96
{isodecay} 165 Er {syn} [[1 E4 s|10.36 h]] ε 0.376 {SUP}165 Ho
{isostable} 166 Er '''33.6%''' {stabw} 98
{isostable} 167 Er 22.95% {stabw} 99
{isostable} 168 Er 26.8% {stabw} 100
{isodecay} 169 Er {syn} 9.4 [[day|d]] [[Beta decay|β<sub>-</sub>]] 0.351 {SUP}169 [[Thulium|Tm]]
{isostable} 170 Er 14.9% {stabw} 102
{isodecay} 171 Er {syn} 7.516 [[hour|h]] β<sub>-</sub> 1.490 {SUP}171 Tm
{isodecay} 172 Er {syn} 49.3 h β<sub>-</sub> 0.891 {SUP}172 Tm
{footer}
/* =========================== Europium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=63 | sym=Eu | name=europium
| left=[[samarium]] | right=[[gadolinium]] | above=??? | below=[[americium|Am]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 5244 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Eu,63 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|151.964(1)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] | [[1 E-10 m|231]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 4f<sup>7</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1099 | c=826 | f=1519 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1800 | c=1527 | f=2780 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 28.97 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 143.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 9.21 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=144 | atk=1095 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 180 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.12×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 13.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 547.1 | 1085 | 2404 | 4120 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 150 Eu {syn} [[1 E_ s|36.9 a]] [[electron capture|ε]] 2.261 {SUP}150 [[Samarium|Sm]]
{isostable} 151 Eu 47.8% {stabw} 88
-| rowspan="2" | <sup>152</sup>Eu
rowspan="2" | {syn}
rowspan="2" | [[1 E_ s|13.516 a]]
ε
1.874
{SUP}152 Sm
-| [[Beta minus decay|β<sup>-</sup>]]
1.819
{SUP}152 [[Gadolinium|Gd]]
{isostable} 153 Eu 52.2% {stabw} 90
{footer}
/* =========================== Fluorine ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=9 | sym=F | name=fluorine
| left=[[oxygen]] | right=[[neon]] | above=??? | below=[[chlorine|Cl]]
| color1={#ffff99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_halogens}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=17 | period=2 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 1.696 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | F,9 | pale greenish-yellow gas }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|18.9984]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-11 m|50]] | [[1 E-11 m|42]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|71]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|147]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>5</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | −1 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=53.53 | c=-220 | f=-363 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=85.03 | c=-188 | f=-307 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 11.20 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 3.2698 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 0.2552 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 3.98 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 824 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.0279 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots9_kjpmol | 1681.0 | 3374.2 | 6050.4 | 8407.7 | 11022.7 | 15164.1 | 17868 | 92038.1 | 106434.3 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 19 F '''100%''' {stabw} 10
{footer}
/* ========================== Gadolinium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=64 | sym=Gd | name=gadolinium
| left=[[europium]] | right=[[terbium]] | above=??? | below=[[curium|Cm]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 7901 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Gd,64 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|157.25(3)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|188]] | [[1 E-10 m|233]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 5d<sup>1</sup> 4f<sup>7</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[ferromagnetism|ferromagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1585 | c=1312 | f=2393 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3523 | c=3250 | f=5882 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 19.90 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 359.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 10.05 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=24400 | atk=1585 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2680 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.20 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 230 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 0.736×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 10.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 593.4 | 1170 | 1990 | 4250 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 152 Gd 0.20% [[1 E_ s|1.08E+14 a]] [[alpha decay|α]] 2.205 {SUP}148 [[Samarium|Sm]]
{isostable} 154 Gd 2.18% {stabw} 90
{isostable} 155 Gd 14.80% {stabw} 91
{isostable} 156 Gd 20.47% {stabw} 92
{isostable} 157 Gd 15.65% {stabw} 93
{isostable} 158 Gd 24.84% {stabw} 94
{isodecay} 160 Gd 21.86% [[1 E_ s|1.3E+21 a]] [[Double beta minus decay|β<sup>-</sup>β<sup>-</sup>]] no data {SUP}160 [[Dysprosium|Dy]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Gallium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=31 | sym=Ga | name=gallium
| left=[[zinc]] | right=[[germanium]] | above=[[aluminium|Al]] | below=[[indium|In]]
| color1={#cccccc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_poormetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=13 | period=4 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 5904 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ga,31 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|69.723]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|130]] | [[1 E-10 m|136]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|126]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|187]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> 4p<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=302.91 | c=30 | f=86 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2477 | c=2204 | f=3999 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 11.80 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 258.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 5.59 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=9.31×10<sup>-36</sup> | atk=302.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2740 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.81 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 370 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 6.78×10<sup>-6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 40.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 578.8 | 1979.3 | 2963 | 6180 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{isostable} 69 Ga '''60.1%''' {stabw} 38
{isostable} 71 Ga 39.9% {stabw} 39
{footer}
/* =========================== Germanium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=32 | sym=Ge | name=germanium
| left=[[gallium]] | right=[[arsenic]] | above=[[silicon|Si]] | below=[[tin|Sn]]
| color1={#cccc99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_metalloids}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=14 | period=4 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 5323 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ge,32 | greyish white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|72.64]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|125]] | [[1 E-10 m|125]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|122]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> 4p<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 4 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1211.4 | c=938 | f=1721 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3093 | c=2820 | f=5108 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 13.63 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 330.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 36.94 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.0000746 | atk=1210 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=5400 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.01 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 320 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.45{mo} }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 59.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots5_kjpmol | 762 | 1537.5 | 3302.1 | 4411 | 9020 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 70 Ge 21.23% {stabw} 38
{isostable} 72 Ge 27.66% {stabw} 40
{isostable} 73 Ge 7.73% {stabw} 41
{isostable} 74 Ge '''35.94%''' {stabw} 42
{footer}
/* ============================= Gold ============================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=79 | sym=Au | name=gold
| left=[[platinum]] | right=[[mercury (element)|mercury]]above=[[silver|Ag]] | below=[[roentgenium|Rg]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=11 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 19300 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Au,79 | metallic yellow }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|196.96655]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|174]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|144]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|166]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] }}
</nowiki>4[[f-orbital|f]]<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6[[s-orbital|s]]<sup>1</sup>
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''3''', 1 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1337.33 | c=1064 | f=1948 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3129 | c=2856 | f=5173 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 10.21 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 334.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 12.55 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.000237 | atk=1337 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1740 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.54 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 128 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 45.2×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 317 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 890.1 | 1980 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}!! colspan="4" width="100%" | Longest [[half life|t<sub>½</sub>]] is 186.09 [[day|d]] (Au-195)
{isostable} 197 Au '''100%''' {stabw} 118
{footer}
/* ============================ Hafnium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=72 | sym=Hf | name=hafnium
| left=[[lutetium]] | right=[[tantalum]] | above=[[zirconium|Zr]] | below=[[rutherfordium|Rf]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=4 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 13310 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 5.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Hf,72 | grey steel }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|178.49]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|155]] | [[1 E-10 m|208]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|150]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>2</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 4 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2506 | c=2233 | f=4051 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4876 | c=4603 | f=8317 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 13.44 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 575 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 24.06 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.00112{pa} | atk=2500K }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3010 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 140 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 3.12×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 23 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 658.5 | 1440 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 172 Hf {syn} 1.87 [[year|y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.350 [[lutetium|<sup>172</sup>Lu]]
{isodecay} 174 Hf 0.162% 2 E15 y [[alpha emission|α]] 2.495 [[ytterbium|<sup>170</sup>Yb]]
{isostable} 176 Hf 5.206% {stabw} 104
{isostable} 177 Hf 18.606% {stabw} 105
{isostable} 178 Hf 27.297% {stabw} 106
{isostable} 179 Hf 13.629% {stabw} 107
{isostable} 180 Hf '''35.1%''' {stabw} 108
{isodecay} 182 Hf {syn} 9 E6 y [[beta emission|β]] 0.373 [[tantalum|<sup>182</sup>Ta]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Helium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=2 | sym=He | name=helium
| left=[[hydrogen]] | right=- | above=??? | below=[[neon|Ne]]
| color1={#c0ffff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-27 kg|4.002602(2)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_noblegases}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=18 | period=1 | block=p }}
{density2} 0.179 [[gram|g]]/[[litre|L]]
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | He,2 | colorless }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4.22 | c=-269 | f=-452 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 5193 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.152 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 0.0845 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 5.230 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 2372.3 | 5250.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|32]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|140]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 21.0 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
[Helium-3|<sup>3</sup>He]] 0.000137% stable with 1#?#?
{isostable} 4 He '''99.999863%''' {stabw} 2
{isodecay} 6 He {syn} 806.7 [[millisecond|ms]] [[beta decay|β<sup>-</sup>]] 3.508 {SUP}6 [[lithium|Li]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Holmium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=67 | sym=Ho | name=holmium
| left=[[dysprosium]] | right=[[erbium]] | above=??? | below=[[einsteinium|Es]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 8800 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ho,67 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|164.9303]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|247]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|158]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 4f<sup>11</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 29, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1743 | c=1470 | f=2678 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2968 | c=2695 | f=4883 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 19.01 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 241 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 11.76 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2170 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.23 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 160 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1,24×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 16.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 581.0 | 1140 | 2204 | 4100 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isostable} 165 Ho 100% {stabw} 98
{footer}
/* ============================ Indium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=49 | sym=In | name=indium
| left=[[cadmium]] | right=[[tin]] | above=[[gallium|Ga]] | below=[[thallium|Tl]]
| color1={#cccccc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_poormetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=13 | period=5 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 7310 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | In,49 | silvery lustrous gray }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|114.818]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|155]] | [[1 E-10 m|156]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|144]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|193]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | tetragonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=429.75 | c=157 | f=314 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2345 | c=2072 | f=3761 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 15.76 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 231.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 3.263 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.42×10<sup>-17</sup> | atk=429 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1215 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.78 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 233 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 11.6×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 81.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 558.3 | 1820.7 | 2704 | 5210 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{isostable} 113 In 4.3% {stabw} 64
{isodecay} 115 In '''95.7%''' 4.41 E14 [[year|y]] [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.495 [[tin|<sup>115</sup>Sn]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Iodine ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=53 | sym=I | name=iodine
| left=[[tellurium]] | right=[[xenon]] | above=[[bromine|Br]] | below=[[astatine|At]]
| color1={#ffff19} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_halogens}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=17 | period=5 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 4940 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | I,53 | violet-dark grey, lustrous }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|126.90447]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|140]] | [[1 E-10 m|115]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|133]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|198]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>5</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±1, 5, 7 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=386.85 | c=114 | f=237 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=457.4 | c=184 | f=364 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 25.72 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 20.752 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 7.824 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.66 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 145 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 8.0×10<sup>-8</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.449 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 1008.4 | 1845.9 | 3180 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffff99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 127 I '''100%''' {stabw} 74
{isodecay} 129 I {syn} 1.57E<sup>7</sup>[[year|y]] [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.194 [[xenon|<sup>129</sup>Xe]]
{isodecay} 131 I {syn} 8.02070 [[day|d]] [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.971 [[xenon|<sup>131</sup>Xe]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Iridium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=77 | sym=Ir | name=iridium
| left=[[osmium]] | right=[[platinum]] | above=[[rhodium|Rh]] | below=[[Meitnerium|Mt]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=9 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 22650 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 6.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ir,77 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|192.217]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|180]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|137]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>7</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2, 3, '''4''', 6 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2739 | c=2466 | f=4471 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4701 | c=4428 | f=8002 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 8.52 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 604 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 26.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.47 | atk=2716 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=4825 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.20 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 130 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 19.7×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 147 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 880 | 1600 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 191 Ir 37.3% {stabw} 114
-| [[meta state|Meta]]
{syn}
241 [[year|y]]
[[isomeric transition|IT]]
0.155
{isostable} 193 Ir '''62.7%''' {stabw} 116
{footer}
/* ============================= Lead ============================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=82 | sym=Pb | name=lead
| left=[[thallium]] | right=[[bismuth]] | above=[[tin|Sn]] | below=[[ununquadium|Uuq]]
| color1={#cccccc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_poormetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=14 | period=6 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 11340 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Pb,82 | bluish white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|207.2]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] | [[1 E-10 m|154]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|147]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|202]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> 6p<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 4, '''2''' ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=600.61 | c=327 | f=621 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2022 | c=1749 | f=3180 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 18.26 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 177.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 4.799 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=4.21×10<sup>-7</sup> | atk=600 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1260 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.33 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 129 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 4.81×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 35.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots5_kjpmol | 715.6 | 1450.5 | 3081.5 | 4083 | 6640 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 202 Pb {syn} 52500 [[year|y]] [[alpha emission|Alpha]]<br>[[Electron capture|Epsilon]] 2.598<br>0.050 [[mercury (element)|<sup>198</sup>Hg]]<br>[[thallium|<sup>202</sup>Tl]]
{isodecay} 204 Pb 1.4 >1.4 E17 y [[alpha emission|Alpha]] 2.186 [[mercury (element)|<sup>200</sup>Hg]]
{isodecay} 205 Pb {syn} 1.53 E7 y [[Electron capture|Epsilon]] 0.051 [[thallium|<sup>205</sup>Tl]]
{isostable} 206 Pb 24.1% {stabw} 124
{isostable} 207 Pb 22.1% {stabw} 125
{isostable} 208 Pb '''52.4%''' {stabw} 126
{isodecay} 210 Pb {syn} 22.3 y [[alpha emission|Alpha]]<br>[[Beta emission|Beta]] 3.792<br>0.064 [[mercury (element)|<sup>206</sup>Hg]]<br>[[bismuth|<sup>210</sup>Bi]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Lithium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=3 | sym=Li | name=lithium
| left=- | right=[[beryllium]] | above=[[hydrogen|H]] | below=[[sodium|Na]]
| color1={#ff6666} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalimetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=1 | period=2 | block=s }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 535 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 0.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Li,3 | silvery white/grey }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|6.941]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] | [[1 E-10 m|167]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|134]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|182]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 1 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=453.69 | c=181 | f=357 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1615 | c=1342 | f=2447 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 13.02 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 145.92 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.63×10<sup>-8</sup> | atk=453.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=6000 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 0.98 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 3582 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 10.8×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 84.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 520.2 | 7298.1 | 11815.0 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 6 Li 7.5% {stabw} 3
{isostable} 7 Li '''92.5%''' {stabw} 4
-| rowspan="2" | <sup>8</sup>Li
rowspan="2" | {syn}
rowspan="2" | 838 ms
[[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]]
16.004
{SUP}8 Be
-| β<sup>-</sup> + 2 [[alpha emission|α]]
none
{footer}
/* =========================== Lutetium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=71 | sym=Lu | name=lutetium
| left=[[ytterbium]] | right=[[hafnium]] | above=[[yttrium|Y]] | below=[[lawrencium|Lr]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=3 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 9841 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Lu,71 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|174.967]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] | [[1 E-10 m|217]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|160]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>1</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (weak [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1925 | c=1652 | f=3005 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3675 | c=3402 | f=6155 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 17.78 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 355.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 18.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=2460 | atk=1936 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.27 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 150 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.85×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 16.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots5_kjpmol | 523.5 | 1340 | 2022.3 | 4370 | 6445 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 173 Lu {syn} [[1 E_ s|1.37 y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.671 {SUP}173 [[ytterbium|Yb]]
{isodecay} 174 Lu {syn} 3.31 y ε 1.374 {SUP}174 Yb
{isostable} 175 Lu '''97.41%''' {stabw} 104
{isodecay} 176 Lu 2.59% [[1 E_ s|3.78 E10 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 1.193 {SUP}176 [[hafnium|Hf]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Magnesium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=12 | sym=Mg | name=magnesium
| left=[[sodium]] | right=[[aluminium]] | above=[[beryllium|Be]] | below=[[calcium|Ca]]
| color1={#ffdead} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalineearthmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=2 | period=3 | block=??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 1738 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Mg,12 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|24.305]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|150]] | [[1 E-10 m|145]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|130]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|173]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=923 | c=650 | f=1202 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1363 | c=1090 | f=1994 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 14.00 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 127.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 8.954 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=361 | atk=923 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=4602 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.31 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 1020 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 22.6×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 156 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 737.7 | 1450.7 | 7732.7 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{isostable} 24 Mg ''78.99%'' {stabw} 12
{isostable} 25 Mg 0 {stabw} 13
{isostable} 26 Mg 1.01 {stabw} 14
-
{footer}
/* ========================== Mendelevium ========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=101 | sym=Md | name=mendelevium
| left=[[fermium]] | right=[[nobelium]] | above=[[thulium|Tm]] | below=[[unpentunium|Upu]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | unknown; probably metallic, silvery white or gray }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(258)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>13</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 31, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | presumably a [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 257 Md {syn} [[1 E_ s|5.52 h]] [[electron capture|ε]]<br>[[alpha emission|α]]<br>[[spontaneous fission|SF]] 0.406<br>7.558<br> {SUP}257 [[fermium|Fm]]<br><sup>253</sup>[[Einsteinium|Es]]<br>
{isodecay} 258 Md {syn} [[1 E6 s|51.5 d]] ε 1.230 {SUP}258 Fm
{isodecay} 260 Md {syn} 31.8 [[day|d]] SF<br>α<br>ε<br>[[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] <br>7.000<br> <br>1.000 <br><sup>256</sup>Es<br><sup>260</sup>Fm<br><sup>260</sup>[[Nobelium|No]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Mercury ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=80 | sym=Hg | name=mercury
| left=[[gold]] | right=[[thallium]] | above=[[cadmium|Cd]] | below=[[ununbium|Uub]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=12 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 13579.04 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Hg,80b | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|200.59]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|150]] | [[1 E-10 m|171]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|149]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|155]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''2''', 1 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | rhombohedral }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[liquid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=234.32 | c=-39 | f=-38 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=629.88 | c=357 | f=674 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 14.09 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 59.229 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 2.295 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.0002 | atk=234 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1407 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.00 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 140 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.04×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 8.34 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 1007.1 | 1810 | 3300 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 194 Hg {syn} 444 y [[electron capture|ε]] 0.040 [[gold|<sup>194</sup>Au]]
{isostable} 196 Hg 0.15% {stabw} 116
{isostable} 198 Hg 9.97% {stabw} 118
{isostable} 199 Hg 16.87% {stabw} 119
{isostable} 200 Hg 23.1% {stabw} 120
{isostable} 201 Hg 13.18% {stabw} 121
{isostable} 202 Hg '''29.86%''' {stabw} 122
{isostable} 204 Hg 6.87% {stabw} 124
{footer}
/* ========================== Molybdenum =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=42 | sym=Mo | name=molybdenum
| left=[[niobium]] | right=[[technetium]] | above=[[chromium|Cr]] | below=[[tungsten|W]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=6 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 10280 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 5.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Mo,42 | grey metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|95.94]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>5</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 13, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2, 3, 4, 5, '''6''' (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2896 | c=2623 | f=4753 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4912 | c=4639 | f=8382 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 9.38 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 598 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 32 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=3.47 | atk=3000 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.16 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 250 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 18.7×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 138 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 684.3 | 1560 | 2618 | 4480 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 93 Mo {syn} 4000 y ε 0.405 [[niobium|<sup>93</sup>Nb]]
{isodecay} 99 Mo {syn} 65.94 h β 1.357 [[technetium|<sup>99</sup>Tc]]
{isodecay} 100 Mo {syn} 1E<sup>19</sup> y β 3.034 [[ruthenium|<sup>100</sup>Ru]]
{isostable} 92 Mo 14.84% {stabw} 50
{isostable} 94 Mo 9.25% {stabw} 52
{isostable} 95 Mo 15.92% {stabw} 53
{isostable} 96 Mo 16.68% {stabw} 54
{isostable} 97 Mo 9.55% {stabw} 55
{isostable} 98 Mo 24.13% {stabw} 56
{footer}
/* ============================= Neon ============================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=10 | sym=Ne | name=neon
| left=[[fluorine]] | right=- | above=[[helium|He]] | below=[[argon|Ar]]
| color1={#c0ffff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_noblegases}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=18 | period=2 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 0.8999 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ne,10 | colorless }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|20.1797]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | ??? | [[1 E-11 m|38]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|69]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|154]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=24.56 | c=-249 | f=-415 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=27.07 | c=-246 | f=-411 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 13.23 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 1.7326 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 0.3317 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=435 | atk=273 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 1030 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.0493 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots8_kjpmol | 2080.7 | 3952.3 | 6122 | 9371 | 12177 | 15238 | 19999.0 | 23069.5 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }} Longest [[half life|t<sub> 1/2</sub>]] is 3.38 [[minute|m]] (Ne-24)
{isostable} 20 Ne '''90.48%''' {stabw} 10
{isostable} 21 Ne 0.27% {stabw} 11
{isostable} 22 Ne 9.25% {stabw} 12
{footer}
/* ============================ Nickel ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=28 | sym=Ni | name=nickel
| left=[[cobalt]] | right=[[copper]] | above=??? | below=[[palladium|Pd]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=10 | period=4 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 8908 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 4.0 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ni,28 | lustrous, metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|58.6934]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|149]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|121]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|163]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>8</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 16, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''2''', 3 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[ferromagnetism|ferromagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1728 | c=1455 | f=2651 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3186 | c=2913 | f=5275 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 6.59 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 370.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 17.47 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=237 | atk=1726 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=4970 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.91 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 440 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 14.3×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 90.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 737.1 | 1753 | 3395 | 5300 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 56 Ni {syn} [[1 E5 s|6.077 days]] [[electron capture|ε]] 2.136 {SUP}56 [[cobalt|Co]]
{isostable} 58 Ni 68.077% {stabw} 30
{isodecay} 59 Ni {syn} [[1 E12 s| 76000 years]] ε 1.072 {SUP}59 [[cobalt|Co]]
{isostable} 60 Ni 26.233% {stabw} 32
{isostable} 61 Ni 1.14% {stabw} 33
{isostable} 62 Ni 3.634% {stabw} 34
{isodecay} 63 Ni {syn} [[1 E9 s|100.1 years]] β<sup>-</sup> 2.137 {SUP}63 [[copper|Cu]]
{isostable} 64 Ni 0.926% {stabw} 36
{footer}
/* ============================ Niobium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=41 | sym=Nb | name=niobium
| left=[[zirconium]] | right=[[molybdenum]] | above=[[vanadium|V]] | below=[[tantalum|Ta]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=5 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 8570 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Nb,41 | grey metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|92.90638]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] | [[1 E-10 m|198]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|137]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>4</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 12, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 5, 3 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2750 | c=2477 | f=4490 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=5017 | c=4744 | f=8571 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 10.83 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 696.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 26.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.0755 | atk=2741 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3480 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 265 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 6.93×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 53.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots7_kjpmol | 652.1 | 1380 | 2416 | 3700 | 4877 | 9847 | 12100 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 91 Nb {syn} [[1 E10 s|680 y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 1.253 [[zirconium|<sup>91</sup>Zr]]
{isodecay} 92 Nb {syn} [[1 E15 s|3.47 E7 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]]<br>ε 0.356<br>2.006 [[molybdenum|<sup>92</sup>Mo]]<br><sup>92</sup>Zr
{isostable} 93 Nb '''100%''' {stabw} 52
-| [[meta state|Meta]]
{syn}
[[1 E8 s|16.13 y]]
[[isomeric transition|IT]]
0.031
{isodecay} 94 Nb {syn} [[1 E11 s|20,300 y]] β<sup>-</sup> 2.045 {SUP}94 Mo
{footer}
/* =========================== Nitrogen ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=7 | sym=N | name=nitrogen
| left=[[carbon]] | right=[[oxygen]] | above=??? | below=[[phosphorus|P]]
| color1={#a0ffa0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_nonmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=15 | period=2 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 1.2506 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | N,7 | colorless }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|14.0067]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-11 m|65]] | [[1 E-11 m|56]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|75]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|155]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>3</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±'''3''', 5, 4, 2 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=63.14 | c=-210 | f=-346 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=77.35 | c=-196 | f=-320 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 13.54 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 2.7928 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 0.3604 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=334 | atk=298 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 3.04 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 1040 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ND×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.02598 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots7_kjpmol | 1402.3 | 2856 | 4578.1 | 7475.0 | 9444.9 | 53266.6 | 64360 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
-| [[Nitrogen-13|<sup>13</sup>N]]
{syn}
9.965 [[minute|m]]
e capture
2.220
[[Carbon|<sup>13</sup>C]]
[Nitrogen-14|<sup>14</sup>N]] '''99.634%''' colspan="4" | N {stabw} 7
[Nitrogen-15|<sup>15</sup>N]] 0.366% colspan="4" | N {stabw} 8
{footer}
/* ============================ Oxygen ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=8 | sym=O | name=oxygen
| left=[[nitrogen]] | right=[[fluorine]] | above=??? | below=[[sulfur|S]]
| color1={#a0ffa0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_nonmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=16 | period=2 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 1.429 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | O,8 | colorless }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|15.9994]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-11 m|60]] | [[1 E-11 m|48]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-11 m|73]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|152]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[helium|He]]] 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>4</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | −'''2''', −1 (neutral) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=50.35 | c=-223 | f=-369 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=90.18 | c=-183 | f=-297 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 17.36 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 3.4099 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 0.22259 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=317.5 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 3.44 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 920 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ND×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.02674 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 1313.95 | 3388.3 | 5300.5 | 7469.2 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 16 O '''99.762%''' {stabw} 8
{isostable} 17 O 0.038% {stabw} 9
{isostable} 18 O 0.2% {stabw} 10
{footer}
/* =========================== Palladium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=46 | sym=Pd | name=palladium
| left=[[rhodium]] | right=[[silver]] | above=[[nickel|Ni]] | below=[[platinum|Pt]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=10 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 12023 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 4.75 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Pd,46 | silvery white metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|106.42]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|140]] | [[1 E-10 m|169]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|131]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|163]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 0 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±1 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1828.05 | c=1555 | f=2831 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3236 | c=2963 | f=5365 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 8.56 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 357 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 17.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.33 | atk=1825 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3070 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.20 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 244 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 9.5×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 71.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 804.4 | 1870 | 3177 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 102 Pd 1.02% {stabw} 56
{isostable} 104 Pd 11.14% {stabw} 58
{isostable} 105 Pd 22.33% {stabw} 59
{isostable} 106 Pd '''27.33%''' {stabw} 60
{isodecay} 107 Pd {syn} [[1 E14 s|6.5 E6 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.033 {SUP}107 [[silver|Ag]]
{isostable} 108 Pd 26.46% {stabw} 62
{isostable} 110 Pd 11.72% {stabw} 64
{footer}
/* ========================== Phosphorus =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=15 | sym=P | name=phosphorus
| left=[[silicon]] | right=[[sulfur]] | above=[[nitrogen|N]] | below=[[arsenic|As]]
| color1={#a0ffa0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_nonmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=15 | period=3 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 1823 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | P,15 | colorless/red/silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|30.973761]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|100]] | [[1 E-11 m|98]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|106]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>3</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±3, '''5''', 4 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | monoclinic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=317.3 | c=44 | f=111 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=550 | c=277 | f=530 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 17.02 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 12.129 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 0.657 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=20.8 | atk=294 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.19 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 769 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.0×10<sup>-9</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.235 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots5_kjpmol | 1011.8 | 1907 | 2914.1 | 4963.6 | 6273.9 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }} Longest [[half life|t<sub>½</sub>]] is 25.34 [[day|d]] (P-33)
{isostable} 31 P '''100%''' {stabw} 16
{footer}
/* =========================== Platinum ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=78 | sym=Pt | name=platinum
| left=[[iridium]] | right=[[gold]] | above=[[palladium|Pd]] | below=[[darmstadtium|Ds]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=10 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 21450 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 3.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Pt,78 | grayish white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|195.078]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|177]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|128]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>9</sup> 6s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2, '''4''' (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2041.4 | c=1768 | f=3215 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4098 | c=3825 | f=6917 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 9.09 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 510 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 19.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.0312 | atk=2045 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2680 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.28 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 130 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 09.66×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 71.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 870 | 1791 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 190 Pt 0.01% 6.5 E11 [[year|y]] [[alpha decay|α]] 3.249 [[osmium|<sup>186</sup>Os]]
{isostable} 192 Pt .79% {stabw} 114
{isodecay} 193 Pt {syn} 50 y [[electron emission|ε]] 0.057 [[iridium|<sup>193</sup>Ir]]
{isostable} 194 Pt 2.9% {stabw} 116
{isostable} 195 Pt 3.8% {stabw} 117
{isostable} 196 Pt 5.3% {stabw} 118
{isostable} 198 Pt .2% {stabw} 120
{footer}
/* =========================== Plutonium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=94 | sym=Pu | name=plutonium
| left=[[neptunium]] | right=[[americium]] | above=[[samarium|Sm]] | below=[[unquadquadium|Uqq]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 19816 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery white metal }}
[[Image:Pu,94.jpg|125px|Gloved hands holding a "button" of refined plutonium]]
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|244.06]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>6</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 6, 5, '''4''', 3 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | monoclinic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=912.5 | c=639 | f=1183 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3503 | c=3230 | f=5846 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 12.29 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 344 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 2.84 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2260 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.28 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 0.666×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 6.74 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots1_kjpmol | 584.7 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 239 Pu {syn} [[1 E12 s|24.1 E3 y]] [[Spontaneous fission|SF]]<br>[[alpha emission|α]] <br>5.245 {SUP}235 [[Uranium|U]]
{isodecay} 242 Pu {syn} [[1 E13 s|373 E3 y]] SF<br>α <br>4.984 {SUP}238 [[Uranium|U]]
{isodecay} 244 Pu {syn} [[1 E15 s|80.8 E6 y]] [[alpha emission|α]]<br>[[Spontaneous fission|SF]] 4.666<br> {SUP}240 [[Uranium|U]]
{footer}
/* ========================= Praseodymium ========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=59 | sym=Pr | name=praseodymium
| left=[[cerium]] | right=[[neodymium]] | above=??? | below=[[protactinium|Pa]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 6640 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Pr,59 | silvery white, yellowish tinge }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|140.90765(2)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] | [[1 E-10 m|247]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|165]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 4f<sup>3</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1204 | c=931 | f=1708 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3793 | c=3520 | f=6368 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 20.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 296.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 6.89 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.333224×10<sup>-6</sup> | atk=1070 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2280 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.13 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 193 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.48×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 12.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 527 | 1020 | 2086 | 3761 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isostable} 141 Pr 100% {stabw} 82
-| rowspan="2" | <sup>142</sup>Pr
rowspan="2" | {syn}
rowspan="2" | 19.12 h
[[beta minus decay|β<sup>-</sup>]]
2.162 MeV
{SUP}142 Nd
-| [[electron capture|ε]]
0.745 MeV
{SUP}142 Ce
{isodecay} 143 Pr {syn} 13.57 d β<sup>-</sup> 0.934 MeV {SUP}143 Nd
{footer}
/* ========================== Promethium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=61 | sym=Pm | name=promethium
| left=[[neodymium]] | right=[[samarium]] | above=??? | below=[[neptunium|Np]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 7264 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|145]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|185]] | [[1 E-10 m|205]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 4f<sup>5</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1373 | c=1100 | f=2012 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3273 | c=3000 | f=5432 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 20.23 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 86.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.13 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 180 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 17.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 540 | 1050 | 2150 | 3970 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 145 Pm {syn}x 17.7 y [[Electron capture|ε]] 0.163 {SUP}145 Nd
-| rowspan="2" | <sup>146</sup>Pm
rowspan="2" | {syn}
rowspan="2" | 5.53 y
ε
1.472
{SUP}146 Nd
-| [[Beta minus decay|β<sup>-</sup>]]
1.542
{SUP}146 [[Samarium|Sm]]
{isodecay} 147 Pm {syn} 2.6234 y β<sup>-</sup> 0.224 {SUP}147 Sm
{footer}
/* ========================= Protactinium ========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=91 | sym=Pa | name=protactinium
| left=[[thorium]] | right=[[uranium]] | above=[[praseodymium|Pr]] | below=[[unquadunium|Uqu]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 15370 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | bright, silvery metallic luster }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|231.03588(2)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 7s<sup>2</sup> 5f<sup>2</sup> 6d<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 5 (weak [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2113 | c=1840 | f=3344 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4300 | c=4027 | f=7280 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 15 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 470 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 15 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=5.1×10<sup>-5</sup> | atk=2200 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 120 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 5.29×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 47 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots1_kjpmol | 568 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
-| rowspan="2" | <sup>230</sup>Pa
rowspan="2" | {syn}
rowspan="2" | 17.4 d
[[Electron capture|ε]]
1.310
{SUP}230 [[Thorium|Th]]
-| [[Beta minus decay|β<sup>-</sup>]]
0.563
{SUP}230 U
{isodecay} 231 Pa {syn} 32760 a [[Alpha decay|α]] 5.149 {SUP}227 [[Actinium|Ac]]
{isodecay} 233 Pa {syn} 26.967 d β<sup>-</sup> 0.571 {SUP}233 [[Uranium|U]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Rhodium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=45 | sym=Rh | name=rhodium
| left=[[ruthenium]] | right=[[palladium]] | above=[[cobalt|Co]] | below=[[iridium|Ir]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=9 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 12450 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Rh,45 | silvery white metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|102.90550]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|173]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>8</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 16, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2, 3, 4 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2237 | c=1964 | f=3567 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3968 | c=3695 | f=6683 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 8.28 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 493 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 21.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.633 | atk=2239 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=4700 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.28 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 0.242 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 21.1×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 150 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 719.7 | 1740 | 2997 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 101 Rh {syn} [[1 E8 s|3.3 y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.542 {SUP}101 [[ruthenium|Ru]]
{isodecay} 102 Rh[[meta state|m]] {syn} ~2.9 [[year|y]] ε<br>[[isomeric transition|IT]] 2.464<br>0.141 {SUP}102 Ru<br>
{isostable} 103 Rh '''100%''' {stabw} 58
{footer}
/* =========================== Rubidium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=37 | sym=Rb | name=rubidium
| left=- | right=[[strontium]] | above=[[potassium|K]] | below=[[caesium|Cs]]
| color1={#ff6666} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalimetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=1 | period=5 | block=??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 1532 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 0.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Rb,37 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|85.4678]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|235]] | [[1 E-10 m|265]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|211]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|244]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 5s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 1 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=312.46 | c=39 | f=103 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=961 | c=688 | f=1270 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 55.76 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 72.216 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 2.192 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.56×10<sup>-4</sup> | atk=312.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1300 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 0.82 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 363 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 7.79×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 58.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots10_kjpmol | 403.0 | 2633 | 3860 | 5080 | 6850 | 8140 | 9570 | 13120 | 14500 | 26740 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 85 Rb '''72.168'''% {stabw} 48
{isodecay} 87 Rb 27.835% 4.7 × 10<sup>10</sup> [[year|y]] [[beta emission|beta]]<sup>-</sup> 0.283 [[Strontium|<sup>87</sup>Sr]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Selenium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=34 | sym=Se | name=selenium
| left=[[arsenic]] | right=[[bromine]] | above=[[sulfur|S]] | below=[[tellurium|Te]]
| color1={#a0ffa0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_nonmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=16 | period=4 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 300 [[Kelvin|K]]) 4790 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Se,34 | grey, metallic lustre }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|78.96]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|115]] | [[1 E-10 m|103]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|116]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|190]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4p<sup>4</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±2, '''4''', 6 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=494 | c=221 | f=430 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=957.8 | c=685 | f=1264 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 16.42 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 26.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 6.694 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.695 | atk=494 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3350 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.48 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 320 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.0×10<sup>-4</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 2.04 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 941 | 2045 | 2973.7 | 4144 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 72 Se {syn} 8.4 [[day|d]] [[electron capture|Ε]] 0.335 [[Astatine|<sup>72</sup>As]]
{isostable} 74 Se 0.87% {stabw} 40
{isodecay} 75 Se {syn} 119.779 d Ε 0.864 [[Astatine|<sup>75</sup>As]]
{isostable} 76 Se 9.36% {stabw} 42
{isostable} 77 Se 7.63% {stabw} 43
{isostable} 78 Se 23.78% {stabw} 44
{isodecay} 79 Se {syn} 1.13 E<sup>6</sup> [[year|y]] [[beta decay|β]] 0.151 [[Bromine|<sup>79</sup>Br]]
{isostable} 80 Se 49.61% {stabw} 46
{isodecay} 82 Se 8.73% 1.08 E<sup>20</sup> y β 2.995 [[Krypton|<sup>82</sup>Kr]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Silicon ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=14 | sym=Si | name=silicon
| left=[[aluminium]] | right=[[phosphorus]] | above=[[carbon|C]] | below=[[germanium|Ge]]
| color1={#cccc99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_metalloids}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=14 | period=3 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 2330 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 6.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Si,14 | dark grey, bluish tinge }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|28.0855]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|110]] | [[1 E-10 m|111]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|111]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|210]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 4 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1687 | c=1414 | f=2577 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3173 | c=2900 | f=5252 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 12.06 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 384.22 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 50.55 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=4.77 | atk=1683 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.90 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 700 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 2.52×10<sup>-4</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 148 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots10_kjpmol | 786.5 | 1577.1 | 3231.6 | 4355.5 | 16091 | 19805 | 23780 | 29287 | 33878 | 38726 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 28 Si '''92.23%''' {stabw} 14
{isostable} 29 Si 4.67% {stabw} 15
{isostable} 30 Si 3.1% {stabw} 16
{isodecay} 32 Si {syn} [[1 E9 s|276 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.224 {SUP}32 [[phosphorus|P]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Silver ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=47 | sym=Ag | name=silver
| left=[[palladium]] | right=[[cadmium]] | above=[[copper|Cu]] | below=[[gold|Au]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=11 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 10490 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ag,47 | lustrous white metal }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|107.8683]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|160]] | [[1 E-10 m|165]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|153]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|172]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 1 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1234.93 | c=962 | f=1763 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2435 | c=2162 | f=3923 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 10.27 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 250.58 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 11.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.34 | atk=1234 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2600 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.93 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 232 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 63×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 429 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 731.0 | 2070 | 3361 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 107 Ag '''51.839%''' {stabw} 60
{isodecay} 108 Ag[[meta state|m]] {syn} [[1 E10 s|418 y]] [[electron capture|ε]]<br/>[[isomeric transition|IT]] 2.027<br/>0.109 {SUP}108 [[palladium|Pd]]<br/>
{isostable} 109 Ag 48.161% {stabw} 62
{footer}
/* ============================ Sodium ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=11 | sym=Na | name=sodium
| left=- | right=[[magnesium]] | above=[[lithium|Li]] | below=[[potassium|K]]
| color1={#ff6666} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalimetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=1 | period=3 | block=s }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 968 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 0.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Na,11 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|22.989770]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] | [[1 E-10 m|190]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|154]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|227]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 1 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=370.87 | c=98 | f=208 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1156 | c=883 | f=1621 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 23.78 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 96.96 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 2.598 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=1.43×10<sup>-5</sup> | atk=1234 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3200 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 0.93 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 1230 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 21×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 141 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots10_kjpmol | 495.8 | 4562 | 6910.3 | 9543 | 13354 | 16613 | 20117 | 25496 | 28932 | 141362 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff6666 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 22 Na {syn} [[1 E7 s|2.602 y]] [[electron capture|epsilon]] 2.842 [[neon|<sup>22</sup>Ne]]
{isostable} 23 Na '''100%''' {stabw} 12
{footer}
/* =========================== Strontium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=38 | sym=Sr | name=strontium
| left=[[rubidium]] | right=[[yttrium]] | above=[[calcium|Ca]] | below=[[barium|Ba]]
| color1={#ffdead} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_alkalineearthmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=2 | period=5 | block=??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 2630 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Sr,38 | silvery white metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|87.62]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|215.1]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|192]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 5s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2 (strong [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1050 | c=777 | f=1430 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1655 | c=1382 | f=2519 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 33.94 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 144 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 8.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=246 | atk=1042 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 0.95 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 300 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 7.62×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 35.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 549.5 | 1064.2 | 4138 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffdead | color2=black }}
{isostable} 84 Sr 0.56% {stabw} 46
{isostable} 86 Sr 9.86% {stabw} 48
{isostable} 87 Sr 7.0% {stabw} 49
{isostable} 88 Sr '''82.58%''' {stabw} 50
{isodecay} 90 Sr {syn} 28.78 [[year|y]] [[beta emission|beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.546 [[Yttrium|<sup>90</sup>Y]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Sulfur ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=16 | sym=S | name=sulfur
| left=[[phosphorus]] | right=[[chlorine]] | above=[[oxygen|O]] | below=[[selenium|Se]]
| color1={#a0ffa0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_nonmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=16 | period=3 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 1960 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | lemon yellow }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-26 kg|32.065]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|100]] | [[1 E-11 m|88]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|102 ]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[neon|Ne]]] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>4</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | −1, ±2, 4, '''6''' (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=388.36 | c=115 | f=239 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=717.87 | c=445 | f=832 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 15.53 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 1.7175 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=2.65×10<sup>-20</sup> | atk=388 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.58 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 710 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 5.0×10<sup>-18</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.269 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots6_kjpmol | 999.6 | 2252 | 3357 | 4556 | 7004.3 | 8495.8 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 32 S 95.02% {stabw} 16
{isostable} 33 S 0.75% {stabw} 17
{isostable} 34 S 4.21% {stabw} 18
{isodecay} 35 S {syn} [[1 E6 s|87.32 d]] [[beta emission|β]]<sup>-</sup> 0.167 {SUP}35 [[Chlorine|Cl]]
{isostable} 36 S 0.02% {stabw} 20
{footer}
/* =========================== Tantalum ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=73 | sym=Ta | name=tantalum
| left=[[hafnium]] | right=[[tungsten]] | above=[[niobium|Nb]] | below=[[dubnium|Db]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=5 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 16650 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 6.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Ta,73 | gray blue }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|180.9479]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] | [[1 E-10 m|200]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|138]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>3</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 5 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=3290 | c=3017 | f=5462 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=5731 | c=5458 | f=9856 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 10.85 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 743 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 31.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.776 | atk=3269 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3400 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 140 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 7.61×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 57.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 761 | 1500 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 179 Ta {syn} 1.82 [[year|y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.110 [[hafnium|<sup>179</sup>Hf]]
{isodecay} 180 Ta 0.012% 8.125 [[hour|h]] ε<br>[[positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] 0.854<br>0.708 {SUP}180 Hf<br>[[tungsten|<sup>180</sup>W]]
-| [[Meta state|Meta]]
{Syn}
>1.2 E15 y
[[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]]<br>ε
0.075
{SUP}<sup>180 W<br>180</sup>Hf
{isostable} 181 Ta '''99.988%''' {stabw} 108
{footer}
/* ========================== Technetium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=43 | sym=Tc | name=technetium
| left=[[molybdenum]] | right=[[ruthenium]] | above=[[manganese|Mn]] | below=[[rhenium|Re]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=7 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 11500 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery gray metallic }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|(98)]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|183]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|156]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>6</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 14, 1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 7 (strong [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2430 | c=2157 | f=3914 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4538 | c=4265 | f=7709 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 8.63 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 660 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 24 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.0229 | atk=2473 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 210 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 6.7×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 50.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 702 | 1470 | 2850 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 97 Tc {syn} [[1 E13 s|2.6 E6 y]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.320 [[molybdenum|<sup>97</sup>Mo]]
{isodecay} 98 Tc {syn} [[1 E14 s|4.2 E6 y]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 1.796 [[ruthenium|<sup>98</sup>Ru]]
{isodecay} 99 Tc {syn} [[1 E12 s|211,100 y]] β<sup>-</sup> 0.294 <sup>99</sup>Ru
{footer}
/* =========================== Tellurium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=52 | sym=Te | name=tellurium
| left=[[antimony]] | right=[[iodine]] | above=[[selenium|Se]] | below=[[polonium|Po]]
| color1={#cccc99} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_metalloids}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=16 | period=5 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 6240 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.25 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Te,52 | silvery lustrous gray }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|127.60]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|140]] | [[1 E-10 m|123]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|206]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>4</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | ±2, '''4''', 6 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=722.66 | c=450 | f=841 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1261 | c=988 | f=1810 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 20.46 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 52.55 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 17.49 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=23.1 | atk=272.65 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2610 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 202 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 200{mo} }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 2.35 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots7_kjpmol | 869.3 | 1790 | 2698 | 3610 | 5668 | 6820 | 13200 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccc99 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 120 Te 0.096% {stabw} 68
{isostable} 122 Te 2.603% {stabw} 70
{isodecay} 123 Te 0.908 >1 [[scientific notation|E]]13 [[year|y]] [[electron capture|Epsilon]] 0.051 [[antimony|<sup>123</sup>Sb]]
{isostable} 124 Te 4.816% {stabw} 72
{isostable} 125 Te 7.139% {stabw} 73
{isostable} 126 Te 18.952% {stabw} 74
{isodecay} 128 Te 31.687 2.2 E24 y [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.867 [[xenon|<sup>128</sup>Xe]]
{isodecay} 130 Te '''33.799''' 7.9 E20 y [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 2.528 [[xenon|<sup>130</sup>Xe]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Thorium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=90 | sym=Th | name=thorium
| left=[[actinium]] | right=[[protactinium]] | above=[[cerium|Ce]] | below=[[unbibium|Ubb]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 11724 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 3.0 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|232.0381]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 6d<sup>2</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 4 (weak [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2028 | c=1755 | f=3191 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=5061 | c=4788 | f=8650 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 19.80 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 514.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 16.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2490 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 120 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 6.53×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 54 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 587 | 1110 | 1930 | 2780 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 228 Th {syn} [[1 E_ s|1.9116 years]] α 5.520 {SUP}224 [[Radium|Ra]]
{isodecay} 229 Th {syn} [[1 E_ s|7340 years]] α 5.168 {SUP}225 [[Radium|Ra]]
{isodecay} 230 Th {syn} [[1 E_ s|75380 years]] α 4.770 {SUP}226 [[Radium|Ra]]
{isodecay} 232 Th 100 [[1 E_ s|1.405 E10 years]] α 4.083 {SUP}228 [[radium|Ra]]
{footer}
/* ============================ Thulium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=69 | sym=Tm | name=thulium
| left=[[erbium]] | right=[[ytterbium]] | above=??? | below=[[mendelevium|Md]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 9321 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Tm,69 | silvery gray }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|168.93421]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] | [[1 E-10 m|222]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 6s<sup>2</sup> 4f<sup>13</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1818 | c=1545 | f=2813 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2220 | c=1947 | f=3536 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 19.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 191 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 16.84 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_nd}}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.25 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 160 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.5×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 16.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 596.7 | 1160 | 2285 | 4120 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 167 Tm {syn} [[1 E5 s|9.25 d]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.748 {SUP}167 [[erbium|Er]]
{isodecay} 168 Tm {syn} [[1 E6 s|93.1 d]] ε 1.679 {SUP}168 Er
{isostable} 169 Tm '''100%''' {stabw} 100
{isodecay} 170 Tm {syn} [[1 E7 s|128.6 d]] [[beta decay|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.968 {SUP}170 [[Ytterbium|Yb]]
{isodecay} 171 Tm {syn} [[1 E_ s|1.92 y]] β<sup>-</sup> 0.096 {SUP}171 [[Ytterbium|Yb]]
{footer}
/* ============================== Tin ============================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=50 | sym=Sn | name=tin
| left=[[indium]] | right=[[antimony]] | above=[[germanium|Ge]] | below=[[lead|Pb]]
| color1={#cccccc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_poormetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=14 | period=5 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 7310 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 1.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Sn,50 | silvery lustrous gray }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|118.710]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|145]] | [[1 E-10 m|145]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|141]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|217]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''4''', 2 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | tetragonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=505.08 | c=232 | f=449 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2875 | c=2602 | f=4715 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 16.29 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 295.8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 7.029 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=5.78×10<sup>-21</sup> | atk=505 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=2500 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.96 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 228 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 9.17×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 66.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots5_kjpmol | 708.6 | 1411.8 | 2943.0 | 3930.3 | 7456 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#cccccc | color2=black }}
{isostable} 112 Sn 0.97% {stabw} 62
{isostable} 114 Sn 0.65% {stabw} 64
{isostable} 115 Sn 0.34% {stabw} 65
{isostable} 116 Sn 14.54% {stabw} 66
{isostable} 117 Sn 7.68% {stabw} 67
{isostable} 118 Sn 24.23% {stabw} 68
{isostable} 119 Sn 8.59% {stabw} 69
{isostable} 120 Sn '''32.59%''' {stabw} 70
-| colspan="2" | meta state 0.006 MeV
55 [[year|y]]
[[isomeric transition|IT]]<br>[[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]]
0.006<br>0.394
<br>[[antimony|<sup>121</sup>Sb]]
{isostable} 122 Sn 4.63% {stabw} 72
{isostable} 124 Sn 5.79% {stabw} 74
{isodecay} 126 Sn {syn} ~1 E5 y [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] 0.380 [[antimony|<sup>126</sup>Sb]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Tungsten ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=74 | sym=W | name=tungsten
| left=[[tantalum]] | right=[[rhenium]] | above=[[molybdenum|Mo]] | below=[[seaborgium|Sg]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=6 | period=6 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 19250 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 7.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | W,74 | grayish white, lustrous }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|183.84]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|193]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|146]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>4</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | '''6''', 5, 4, 3, 2 (mildly [[acid]]ic) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic body centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=3695 | c=3422 | f=6191 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=5828 | c=5555 | f=10031 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 9.47 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 824 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 35.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=4.27 | atk=3680 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=5174 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.36 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 130 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 18.9×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 174 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 770 | 1700 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 180 W 0.12% [[1 E19 s and more|7.4 E16 y]] [[alpha decay|α]] no data no data
{isodecay} 182 W 26.50% 8.3 E18 [[year|y]] α no data no data
{isodecay} 183 W 14.3% 1.1 E17 y [[isomeric transition|iso]] no data no data
{isodecay} 184 W '''30.64%''' 4 E18 y α no data [[hafnium|<sup>180</sup>Hf]]
{isodecay} 186 W 28.43% 6.5 E18 y α no data no data
{footer}
/* ============================ Uranium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=92 | sym=U | name=uranium
| left=[[protactinium]] | right=[[neptunium]] | above=[[neodymium|Nd]] | below=[[unquadbium|Uqb]]
| color1={#ff99cc} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_actinides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=7 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 19050 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_noimg | silvery-white metal }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|238.0289]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius1_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|186]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[radon|Rn]]] 7s<sup>2</sup> 5f<sup>2</sup> 6d<sup>1</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 5 (weak [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | orthorhombic }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[paramagnetism|paramagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1405 | c=1132 | f=2069 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=2070 | c=1797 | f=3266 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 12.49 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 477 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 15.48 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3155 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.38 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 120 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 3.8×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 27.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots2_kjpmol | 597.6 | 1420 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ff99cc | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 232 U {syn} [[1 E9 s|68.9 y]] [[alpha emission|α]] & [[spontaneous fission|SF]] 5.414 {SUP}228 [[thorium|Th]]
{isodecay} 233 U {syn} [[1 E12 s|159,200 y]] SF & α 4.909 {SUP}229 Th
{isodecay} 234 U 0.006% 245,500 [[year|y]] SF & α 4.859 {SUP}230 Th
-| [[uranium-235|<sup>235</sup>U]]
0.72%
[[1 E16 s|7.038 E8 y]]
SF & α
4.679
{SUP}231 Th
{isodecay} 236 U {syn} [[1 E14 s|2.342 E7 y]] SF & α 4.572 {SUP}232 Th
-| [[uranium-238|<sup>238</sup>U]]
'''99.275%'''
[[1 E17 s|4.468 E9 y]]
SF & α
4.270
{SUP}234 Th
{footer}
/* ============================= Xenon ============================= */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=54 | sym=Xe | name=xenon
| left=[[iodine]] | right=- | above=[[krypton|Kr]] | below=[[radon|Rn]]
| color1={#c0ffff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_noblegases}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=18 | period=5 | block=p }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | (at 273 [[Kelvin|K]]) 5.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Xe,54 | colorless }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|131.293]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | ??? | [[1 E-10 m|108]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|130]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|216]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 8 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 0 (weak [[acid]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[gas]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | nonmagnetic }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=161.4 | c=-112 | f=-169 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=165.1 | c=-108 | f=-162 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 35.92 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 12.636 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 2.297 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1090 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 2.6 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 158 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 0.00569 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots3_kjpmol | 1170.4 | 2046.4 | 3099.4 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#c0ffff | color2=black }}
{isostable} 124 Xe 0.1% {stabw} 70
{isostable} 126 Xe 0.09% {stabw} 72
{isostable} 128 Xe 1.91% {stabw} 74
{isostable} 129 Xe 26.4% {stabw} 75
{isostable} 130 Xe 4.1% {stabw} 76
{isostable} 131 Xe 21.29% {stabw} 77
{isostable} 132 Xe '''26.9%''' {stabw} 78
{isostable} 134 Xe 10.4% {stabw} 80
{isodecay} 136 Xe 8.9% 2.36 E21 [[year|y]] [[beta emission|Beta<sup>-</sup>]] no data [[barium|<sup>136</sup>Ba]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Ytterbium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=70 | sym=Yb | name=ytterbium
| left=[[thulium]] | right=[[lutetium]] | above=??? | below=[[nobelium|No]]
| color1={#ffbfff} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_lanthanides}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=??? | period=6 | block=f }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 6570 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Yb,70 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|173.04]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|175]] | [[1 E-10 m|222]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 ([[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | cubic face centered }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1097 | c=824 | f=1515 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1467 | c=1194 | f=2181 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 24.84 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 128.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 7.66 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=1590 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.1 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 150 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 3,51×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 34.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 603.4 | 1174.8 | 2417 | 4203 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffbfff | color2=black }}
{isodecay} 166 Yb {syn} [[1 E5 s|56.7 h]] [[electron capture|ε]] 0.304 {SUP}166 [[thulium|Tm]]
{isostable} 168 Yb 0.13% {stabw} 98
{isodecay} 169 Yb {syn} [[1 E6 s|32.026 d]] ε 0.909 {SUP}169 [[thulium|Tm]]
{isostable} 170 Yb 3.05% {stabw} 100
{isostable} 171 Yb 14.3% {stabw} 101
{isostable} 172 Yb 21.9% {stabw} 102
{isostable} 173 Yb 16.12% {stabw} 103
{isostable} 174 Yb '''31.8%''' {stabw} 104
{isodecay} 175 Yb {syn} 4.185 [[day|d]] [[beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.470 {SUP}175 [[lutetium|Lu]]
{isostable} 176 Yb 12.7% {stabw} 106
{isodecay} 177 Yb {syn} 1.911h [[hour|h]] β<sup>-</sup> 1.399 {SUP}177 Lu
{footer}
/* ============================ Yttrium ============================ */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=39 | sym=Y | name=yttrium
| left=[[strontium]] | right=[[zirconium]] | above=[[scandium|Sc]] | below=[[lutetium|Lu]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=3 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 4472 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | ??? }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Y,39 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|88.90585]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|180]] | [[1 E-10 m|212]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|162]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>1</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 9, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 3 (weak [[base (chemistry)|base]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=1799 | c=1526 | f=2779 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=3609 | c=3336 | f=6037 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 19.88 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 363 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 11.4 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=5.31 | atk=1799 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3300 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.22 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 300 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 1.66×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 17.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots10_kjpmol | 600 | 1180 | 1980 | 5847 | 7430 | 8970 | 11190 | 12450 | 14110 | 18400 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
Longest [[half life|t<sub>½</sub>]] is 106.65 [[day|d]] (Y-88)
{isostable} 89 Y '''100%''' {stabw} 50
{footer}
/* ============================= Zinc ============================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=30 | sym=Zn | name=zinc
| left=[[copper]] | right=[[gallium]] | above=??? | below=[[cadmium|Cd]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=12 | period=4 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 7140 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 2.5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Zn,30 | blueish pale grey }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|65.409]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|135]] | [[1 E-10 m|142]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|131]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|139]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[argon|Ar]]] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 2 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | [[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=692.68 | c=420 | f=787 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=1180 | c=907 | f=1664 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 9.16 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 115.3 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 7.322 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=192.2 | atk=692.73 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3700 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.65 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 390 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 16.6×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 116 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots4_kjpmol | 906.4 | 1733.3 | 3833 | 5731 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 64 Zn 48.6% {stabw} 34
{isodecay} 65 Zn {syn} [[1 E_ s|244.26 days]] [[electron capture|ε]] 1.352 {SUP}65 [[copper|Cu]]
{isostable} 66 Zn 27.9% {stabw} 36
{isostable} 67 Zn 4.1% {stabw} 37
{isostable} 68 Zn 18.8% {stabw} 38
{isodecay} 72 Zn {syn} [[1 E_ s|46.5 hours]] [[beta decay|β]] 0.458 {SUP}72 [[gallium|Ga]]
{footer}
/* =========================== Zirconium =========================== */
{{Elementbox_begin}}
{{Elementbox_header | num=40 | sym=Zr | name=zirconium | above=[[titanium|Ti]] | below=[[hafnium|Hf]]
| left=[[yttrium]] | right=[[niobium]]
| color1={#ffc0c0} | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_series_transitionmetals}}
{{Elementbox_entry_gpb | group=4 | period=5 | block=d }}
{{Elementbox_entry_density_kgpm3 | 6511 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_mohshardness | 5 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_appearance_img | Zr,40 | silvery white }}
{{Elementbox_section_atomicprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicmass_amu | [[1 E-25 kg|91.224]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_atomicradius2_pm | [[1 E-10 m|155]] | [[1 E-10 m|206]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_covalentradius_pm | [[1 E-10 m|148]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vanderwaalsrad_nd}}
{{Elementbox_entry_econfig | [[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>2</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_epershell | 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_oxistates | 4 ([[amphoteric]]) }}
{{Elementbox_entry_crystalstruct | hexagonal }}
{{Elementbox_section_physicalprop | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_phase | [[solid]] }}
{{Elementbox_entry_magnetic | no data }}
{{Elementbox_entry_meltingpoint | k=2128 | c=1855 | f=3371 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_boilingpoint | k=4682 | c=4409 | f=7968 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_molarvol_cm3pmol | 14.02 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatvaporiz_kjpmol | 58.2 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatfusion_kjpmol | 16.9 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_vaporpressure_paatk | pa=0.00168 | atk=2125 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_speedofsound_msatk | ms=3800 | atk=293 K }}
{{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electroneg_pauling | 1.33 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_heatcapacity_jpkgk | 0.27 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_electriccond_pom | 2.36×10<sup>6</sup> }}
{{Elementbox_entry_thermalcond_wpmk | 22.7 }}
{{Elementbox_entry_ionpots6_kjpmol | 640.1 | 1270 | 2218 | 3313 | 7752 | 9500 }}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_begin | color1=#ffc0c0 | color2=black }}
{isostable} 90 Zr '''51.45%''' {stabw} 50
{isostable} 91 Zr 11.22% {stabw} 51
{isostable} 92 Zr 17.15% {stabw} 52
{isodecay} 93 Zr {syn} [[1 E13 s|1.53 E6 y]] [[Beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 0.091 [[niobium|<sup>93</sup>Nb]]
{isostable} 94 Zr 17.38% {stabw} 54
{isodecay} 96 Zr 2.8% [[1 E19 s|>3.8 E19 y]] [[Beta emission|β<sup>-</sup>]] 3.350 [[molybdenum|<sup>96</sup>Mo]]
{footer}